This specification covers the requirements for Stainless Steel Hex Nuts in imperial size 1/4 inch to 1 1/2 inch, inclusive for number of alloys in common use and intended for service applications requiring general corrosion resistance. ASTM F594 covers seven groups of stainless steel alloys, including twelve austenitic, two ferritic, four martensitic and one precipitation hardening. Bolting Specialist manufactures Hex Nuts in most alloys under ASTM F594 specification, duly tested and supply with EN 10204 Type 3.1 Certification. ASTM F594A, F594C, F594D, F594F, F594G, F594H are most commonly produced nuts.
| Group | AlloyA | ConditionB |
| 1 | 304, 305, 384, 304L, 18-9LW, 302HQD | (CW) Cold WorkedD |
| 2 | 316, 316L | (CW) Cold WorkedD |
| 3 | 321, 347 | (CW) Cold WorkedD |
| 4 | 430E | (CW) Cold WorkedD |
| 5 | 410F | (H) Hardened and tempered |
| 6 | 431 | (H) Hardened and tempered |
| 7 | 630 | (AH) Age Hardened |
A Unless otherwise specified on the inquiry and order, the choice of an alloy from within a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer
B See section 4.2 of F593 for options
C When approved by the purchaser, alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may be furnished.
D Sizes 0.75 inch and larger may be hot worked and solutoon annealed.
E When approved by the purchaser, alloy 430F may be furnished.
F When approved by the purchaser, alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.
| Alloy Group | Condition Furnished Unless Otherwise Specified | Optional Conditions (must be specified) |
| 1, 2, 3 | CW | AF, A, SH |
| 4 | CW | A |
| 5 | H | HT |
| 6 | H | HT |
| 7 | AH | none |
A - Machined from annealed or solution annealed stock thus retaining the properties of the original material; or hot formed and solution annealed.
AF - Headed and rolled from annealed stock and then reannealed
AH - Solution annealed and age hardened after forming.
CW - Headed and rolled from annealed stock thus acquiring a degree of cold work. Sizes 0.75inch and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed.
H - Hardened and tempered at 1050°F (565°C) minimum.
HT - Hardened and tempered at 525°F (274°C) minimum.
SH - Machined from strain hardened stock or cold worked to develop the specific properties.
Condition A - When Condition A is specified, the austenitic alloys shall be heated to 1900+/- 50°F ( 1038 +/- 28°C), at which time the chromium carbide will go into the solution, be held for a sufficient time, and then be cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent precipitation of the carbide and to provide the specified properties.
Condition CW - When Condition CW is specified, the austenitic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with Condition A, generally by the raw material manufacturer and thenc old worked to develop the specified properties.
Condition AF - When Condition AF is specified, the austenitic alloys shall be annealed in accordance to Condition A after all cold working (including heading and threading) has been completed.
Condition A - The ferritic alloys shall be heated to a temperature of 145 +/- 50°F (788 +/- 28°C), held for an appropriate time, and then air cooled to procide the specified properties.
Condition CW - When Condition CW is specified, the ferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance to above condition A for ferritic alloys, generally by the raw material manufacturer and then cold worked to develop the specified properties.
Condition AF - When Condition AF is specified, the ferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance to same above condition A (Ferritic Alloys) after all cold working (including heading and threading) has been completed.
Condition H - When Condition H is specified, the martensitic alloys 410, 416 and 416Se shall be hardened and tempered by heating to 1850 +/- 50°F (1010 +/- 28°C) sufficient for austenitization, held for atleast 1/2 hour and rapid air or oil quenched, and then reheating to 1050°F (565°C) minimum for atleast 1 hour and air cooled to develop the specified properties.
Condition HT - When Condition HT is specified, the martensitic alloys 410, 416 and 416Se shall be hardened and tempered by heating to 1850 +/- 50°F (1010 +/- 28°C) sufficient for austenitization, held for atleast 1/2 hour and rapid air or oil quenched, and then reheating to 525°F (272°C) minimum for atleast 1 hour and air cooled to develop the specified properties.
Condition H and HT - Martensitic Alloy 431 shall be hardened and tempered in accordance with above condition H or HT (Martensitic 410, 416 and 416Se) as applicable.
Conditon AH - Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630 shall be solution annealed and aged by heating to 1900 +/- 25°F (1038 +/- 14°C) for atleast 1/2 hour and rapid air or oil quenched to 80°F (27*C) maximum, then reheating to a temperature of 1150 +/- 15°F (621 +/- 8°C) for 4 hour and air cooled to develop the specified properties.
| Composition, %, maximum except as shown | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UNS Designation | Alloy Group | Alloy | Carbon | Manganese | Phosphorus | Sulfur | Silicon | Chromium | Nickel | Copper | Molybdenum | Others |
| Austenitic Alloys | ||||||||||||
| S30200 | 1 | 303 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.200 | 0.150 min | 1 | 17.0 - 19.0 | 8.0 - 10.0 | -- | 0.60 maxA | -- |
| S30323 | 1 | 303 Se | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.200 | 0.060 | 1 | 17.0 - 19.0 | 8.0 - 10.0 | -- | -- | Se 0.15 min |
| A30400 | 1 | 304 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 18.0 - 20.0 | 8.0 - 10.5 | 1.00 | -- | -- |
| S30403 | 1 | 304 L | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 18.0 - 20.0 | 8.0 - 12.0 | 1.00 | -- | -- |
| S30500 | 1 | 305 | 0.12 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 17.0 - 19.0 | 10.5 - 13.0 | 1.00 | -- | -- |
| S38400 | 1 | 384 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 15.0 - 17.0 | 17.0 - 19.0 | -- | 0.50 maxA | -- |
| S20300 | 1 | XM1 | 0.08 | 5.00 - 6.50 | 0.040 | 0.18 - 0.35 | 1 | 16.0 - 18.0 | 5.0 - 6.5 | 1.75 - 2.25 | -- | -- |
| S30430 | 1 | 18-9LW | 0.10 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 17.0 - 19.0 | 8.0 - 10.0 | 3.0 - 4.0 | -- | -- |
| S30433 | 1 | 302HQ | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 17.0 - 19.0 | 8.0 - 10.0 | 3.0 - 4.0 | -- | -- |
| S31600 | 2 | 316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 16.0 - 18.0 | 10.0 - 14.0 | -- | 2.0 - 3.0 | -- |
| S31603 | 2 | 316 L | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 16.0 - 18.0 | 10.0 - 14.0 | -- | 2.0 - 3.0 | -- |
| S32100 | 3 | 321 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 17.0 - 19.0 | 9.0 - 12.0 | -- | -- | Ti 5 x C min |
| S34700 | 3 | 347 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1 | 17.0 - 19.0 | 9.0 - 13.0 | -- | -- | Cb+Ta 10 x C min |
| Ferritic Alloys | ||||||||||||
| S43000 | 4 | 430 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1 | 16.0 - 18.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| S43020 | 4 | 430F | 0.12 | 1.25 | 0.060 | 0.150 min | 1 | 16.0 - 18.0 | -- | -- | 0.60 maxA | -- |
| Martensitic Alloys | ||||||||||||
| S41000 | 5 | 410 | 0.15 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1 | 11.5 - 13.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| S41600 | 5 | 416 | 0.15 | 1.25 | 0.060 | 0.150 min | 1 | 12.0 - 14.0 | -- | -- | 0.60 maxA | -- |
| S41623 | 5 | 416 Se | 0.15 | 1.25 | 0.060 | 0.060 | 1 | 12.0 - 14.0 | -- | -- | Se 0.15 min | -- |
| S43100 | 6 | 431 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1 | 15.0 - 17.0 | 1.25 - 2.50 | -- | -- | -- |
| Precipitation Hardening Alloy | ||||||||||||
| S17400 | 7 | 630 | 0.07 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1 | 15.0 - 17.5 | 3.0-5.0 | -- | -- | Cb+Ta 0.15 - 0.45 |
A At manufacturer's options, determined only when intentionally added.
| Stainless Steel Alloys | ConditionB | Alloy Mechanical Property Marking | Nominal Diameter, inch | Proof Load, ksi, min | Rockwell Hardness | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austenitic Alloys | |||||||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | AF | F593A | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 70 | B85 max, incl. | ||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | A | F593B | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 75 | B65 to 95, incl. | ||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | CW1 | F593C | 1/4 to 5/8, incl. | 100 | B95 to C322, incl. | ||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | CW2 | F593D | 3/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 85 | B80 to C32, incl. | ||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | SH1 | F593A | 1/4 to 5/8, incl. | 120 | C24 to C36, incl. | ||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | SH2 | F593B | 3/4 to 1, incl. | 110 | C20 to C32, incl. | ||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | SH3 | F593C | 1-1/8 to 1-1/4, incl. | 100 | B95 to C30, incl. | ||||
| 1 (303, 304, 304L, 305, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, 302HQ, 303Se) | SH4 | F593D | 1-3/8 to 1-1/2, incl. | 85 | B90 to C28, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | AF | F593E | 1/4 to 1-1/2", incl. | 70 | B85 max, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | A | F593F | 1/4 to 1-1/2", incl. | 75 | B65 to 95, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | CW1 | F593G | 1/4 to 5/8, incl. | 100 | B95 to C322, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | CW2 | F593H | 3/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 85 | B80 to C32, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | SH1 | F593E | 1/4 to 5/8, incl. | 120 | C24 to C36, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | SH2 | F593F | 3/4 to 1, incl. | 110 | C20 to C32, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | SH3 | F593G | 1-1/8 to 1-1/4, incl. | 100 | B95 to C30, incl. | ||||
| 2 (316, 316L) | SH4 | F593H | 1-3/8 to 1-1/2, incl. | 85 | B90 to C28, incl. | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | AF | F593J | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 70 | B85 max | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | A | F593K | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 75 | B65 to 95, incl. | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | CW1 | F593L | 1/4 to 5/8, incl. | 100 | B95 to C322, incl. | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | CW2 | F593M | 3/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 85 | B80 to C32, incl. | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | SH1 | F593J | 1/4 to 5/8, incl. | 120 | C24 to C36, incl. | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | SH2 | F593K | 3/4 to 1, incl. | 110 | C20 to C32, incl. | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | SH3 | F593L | 1-1/8 to 1-1/4, incl. | 100 | B95 to C30, incl. | ||||
| 3 (321, 347) | SH4 | F593M | 1-3/8 to 1-1/2, incl. | 85 | B90 to C28, incl. | ||||
| Ferritic Alloys | |||||||||
| 4 (430, 430F) | A | F593N | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 55 | B85 max | ||||
| 4 (430, 430F) | CW1 | F593V | 1/4 to 5/8, incl. | 60 | B75 to 98, incl. | ||||
| 4 (430, 430F) | CW2 | F593W | 3/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 55 | B65 to 95, incl. | ||||
| Martensitic Alloys | |||||||||
| 5 (410, 416, 416Se) | H | F593P | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 100 | C20 to 30, incl. | ||||
| 5 (410, 416, 416Se) | HT | F593R | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 160 | C34 to 45, incl. | ||||
| 6 (431) | H | F593S | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 125 | C25 to 32, incl. | ||||
| 6 (431) | HT | F593T | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 180 | C40 to 48, incl. | ||||
| Precipitation Hardening Alloy | |||||||||
| 7 (630) | AH | F593U | 1/4 to 1-1/2, incl. | 135 | C28 to 38, incl. | ||||
A Minimum values except where shown as maximum or as a range.
B legend of conditions:
AF - Headed and rolled from annealed stock and then reannealed
AH - Solution annealed and age hardened after forming
CW - Headed and rolled from annealed stock thus acquiring a degree of cold work. Sizes 0.75inch and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed.
H - Hardened and tempered at 1050°F (565°C) minimum.
HT - Hardened and tempered at 525°F (274°C) minimum.
SH - Machined from strain hardened stock or cold worked to develop the specific properties.
C The yield and tensile strength values for full size products shall be computed by dividing the yield and maximum tensile load value by the stress area for the product size and thread sizes determined in accordance with Test Methods F606.
D Yield strength is the stress at which an offset of 0.2 & gauge length occurs.
| Product | Proof Stress, ksi | Test Conducted Using Full Size Product | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hardness | Proof Load | ||
| Jam, slotted and castle nuts | All | A | B |
| All other nuts | Upto 120 000 | A | A |
| All other nuts | Over 120 000 | Option AA | Option B |
| Nominal Size, inch. | Coarse Threads - UNC | Fine Threads - UNF | Thread Series - 8UN | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Threads / inch | Stress AreaA, in2 | Threads / inch | Stress AreaA, in2 | Threads / inch | Stress AreaA, in2 | |
| 1/4 (0.250) | 20 | 0.0318 | 28 | 0.0364 | -- | -- |
| 5/16 (0.3125) | 18 | 0.0524 | 24 | 0.0580 | -- | -- |
| 3/18 (0.375) | 16 | 0.0775 | 24 | 0.0878 | -- | -- |
| 7/16 (0.4375) | 14 | 0.1063 | 20 | 0.1187 | ||
| 1/2 (0.500) | 13 | 0.1419 | 20 | 0.1599 | ||
| 9/16 (0.5625) | 12 | 0.1820 | 18 | 0.2030 | ||
| 5/8 (0.625) | 11 | 0.2260 | 18 | 0.2560 | ||
| 3/4 (0.750) | 10 | 0.3340 | 16 | 0.3730 | ||
| 7/8 (0/875) | 9 | 0.4620 | 14 | 0.5090 | ||
| 1 | 8 | 0.6060 | 12 | 0.6630 | ||
| 1 1/8 (1.125) | 7 | 0.7630 | 12 | 0.8560 | 8 | 0.790 |
| 1 1/4 (1.250) | 7 | 0.9690 | 12 | 1.0730 | 8 | 1.000 |
| 1 3/8 (1.375) | 6 | 1.1550 | 12 | 1.3150 | 8 | 1.233 |
| 1 1/2 (1.500) | 6 | 1.4050 | 12 | 1.5810 | 8 | 1.492 |
A Tensile stress areas are computed using the following formula: AB = 0.7854 [D- (0.9743/n)]2
Where:
AB = Tensile stress area, inch2,
D = Nominal size (basic major diameter), in., and,
n = number of threads per inch.